storage

Drives and storage

Array at a glance

RAID levelRAID10 (1+0), mdadm
Drives in array4× 1 TB + 1× spare
Cachebcache · 250 GB SSD
Total storage capacity~2 TB

RAID 10 from four 1TB drives — principle and capacity

RAID10 (sometimes written RAID 1+0) combines striping and mirroring: data is first duplicated into pairs (mirror), and those mirrored pairs are then striped for higher performance. RAID10 needs at least 4 drives. I also keep a fifth drive attached to the array as a spare — if a drive in the array fails, the spare automatically replaces it and the array rebuilds the failed drive's data onto it. I get an email notification whenever any drive in the RAID array fails.

Why use bcache (SSD as cache)

The bcache service lets you use a fast SSD as a cache in front of slower block devices (HDDs, or even an MD/RAID array). The benefit is a significant speed-up for writing and reading frequently accessed data, without needing to move all your data onto SSD. On my 2TB storage pool I run a 250 GB SSD cache.

Monitoring and maintenance